Arrays

In C++, an array must be declared before it is used. A typical declaration for an array is:

type name [elements];

For example:

int month [4];

"int" is data type, "month" is array name, "4" is elements.

We can assign initial values to each one of its elements by enclosing the values in braces { }.

For example:

int month [4] = {6, 7, 11, 12};

Be default, array index starts from 0. In the above array, the index numbers and values are assigned like this:

Index: 0   1   2   3 
Value: 6   7   11  12

You can leave the square brackets empty [ ], and let the compiler assign the index number for each value:

int month [] = {6, 7, 11, 12};

We can assign or change a single value to an element in this way:

month[2] = 9;

This will store the value 9 in the third element [2] of the array month.

To print the value of an element, we can write lines like the following:

a = month[2];
cout << a;

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